SUMPRODUCT( vlookup_column_range = vlookup_value) * ( hlookup_row_range = hlookup_value), data_array) VLOOKUP takes it from there, finds an exact match for its lookup value in A2 and returns a value from the 5 th column in the same row, which is the cell E2. So, the number 5 goes to the col_index_num argument of VLOOKUP: In our case, the target year (2010) is found in E1, which is 5 th in the lookup array. MATCH searches for the value in H2 across the column headers (A1:E1) and returns the relative position of the found cell. To determine which column to return a value from, you use the MATCH function that is also configured for exact match (the last argument set to 0): The core of the formula is the VLOOKUP function configured for exact match (the last argument set to FALSE), which searches for the lookup value (H1) in the first column of the table array (A2:E4) and returns a value from another column in the same row. Lookup_row_range - A1:E1 (column headers: years).Table_array - A2:E4 (data cells including row headers).VLOOKUP( vlookup_value, table_array, MATCH( hlookup_value, lookup_row_range, 0), FALSE)įor our sample table, the formula takes the following shape: VLOOKUP and MATCH formula for 2-way lookupĪnother way to do a two-dimensional lookup in Excel is by using a combination of VLOOKUP and MATCH functions: The second MATCH returns 3 because the hlookup value (2000) is found in D1, which is the 3 rd cell in B1:E1.Īnd return a value at the intersection of the 2 nd row and 3 rd column in the data array B2:E4, which is a value in the cell D3. In this example, the first MATCH returns 2 because our vlookup value (Polar bear) is found in A3, which is the 2 nd cell in A2:A4. In both cases, we look for exact match by setting the 3rd argument to 0. To get the column number, we search for the target year (H2) across the column headers (B1:E1): So, to get the row number, we search for the animal of interest (H1) across the row headers (A2:A4): Here, we leverage the ability of MATCH(lookup_value, lookup_array, ) to return a relative position of lookup_value in lookup_array. The INDEX function retrieves a value from the data array based on the row and column numbers, and two MATCH functions supply those numbers: While it may look a bit complex at first glance, the formula's logic is really straightforward and easy to understand. Put all the arguments together and you will get this formula for two-way lookup:
Lookup_column_range - A2:A4 (row headers: animal names) - A3:A4.Data_array - B2:E4 (data cells, not including row and column headers).For starters, we define all the arguments: INDEX ( data_array, MATCH ( vlookup_value, lookup_column_range, 0), MATCH ( hlookup value, lookup_row_range, 0))Īs an example, let's make a formula to pull a population of a certain animal in a given year from the table below. This is a variation of the classic INDEX MATCH formula to which you add one more MATCH function in order to get both the row and column numbers: The most popular way to do a two-way lookup in Excel is by using INDEX MATCH MATCH. Matrix lookup with named ranges (explicit Intersection).INDEX MATCH MATCH to lookup in rows and columns.
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This is called matrix lookup (aka 2-dimensional or 2-way lookup), and this tutorial shows how to do it in 4 different ways. In other words, you aim to find a value at the intersection of a certain row and column. But sometimes you need to look across both rows and columns. When searching for something in your Excel spreadsheets, most of the time you'd look up vertically in columns or horizontally in rows. Just look through the alternatives and choose your favorite :) The tutorial showcases a few different formulas to perform two dimensional lookup in Excel.
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